Motor mounting



April 30, 1940. J R L 2,198,672

MOTOR MOUNTING Filed Jan. .19, 1934 E 74 INVENTOR.

Boyer /7T Z66.

BY I a W,/%Zz2 46 .46 ATTORNEYS a Patented Apr. 30, 1940 PATE T OFFICE,

UNiTED STATES This invention relates to an improved type and arrangementof supporting and movementcon- I trolling devices for reciprocatingpistontype en gines, such as internal combustion engines for i use inpropelling vehicles, and it has particular relation to a novel form andarrangement; of engine mounting members which permit controlled movementof the engine or the engine unit.

More specifically, my invention provides a means for yieldablysupporting an engine unit in forwardly inclined relationship to ahorizontal plane and in such manner that it may oscillate, under theinfluence of the torque reaction impulse thereof, about an axis :passingapproximately through the center of mass of theengine unit and extendingat a comparatively large inclination to a horizontal plane.

One of the main objects ofthe invention is to provide a mounting foroscillatively supporting an engine unit of the character indicated on anaxis which extends substantially through the center of mass of the unitso, asto prevent displacement of the center of mass during oscillationof the t 1 unit under the infiuence of the torque reaction impulses. y fW Another object of the invention is to provide a mounting of thischaracter which maintains the ,engine unit in a forwardly inclinedrelationship v to the plane of a chassisframe of a vehicle and xwhichpositions the front end of the enginein i spaced relation to thechassisframe structure so asylto accommodate ,the auxiliary engine equip- ,mentand to position a crankshaft supported fan of an engine cooling systemin registration wit 1 the radiator core of the system. i H

= i v Another object of the invention consists in the provision of animprovedconstruction and arrangement of resilient non-metallic meanshavingsound insulatingproperties inthe support- 1 ing and movementcontrolling devices of a mounting of this character, by which thetransmission of sound vibrations from the engine unitto its framestructure is minimized whilethe desired 9 amplitude of oscillatorymovement 1s,permitted iltifiwithout an accompanying excessive freedom offoreand aft and lateralmovements of the unit.

Other objects, of the invention are toprovide an improved abutmenthaving a'yieldable element which acts in compression in, opposing theW650 tendency of the engine unit to shift, under; the

influence of its weight, in onedirection of; its in ,clined position and,which tensionally resists .movement of the latter in an oppositedirection;

N Qand togprovide an abutment of; this character q iflgwhich is locatcdin clase proxirnity to the; yer? tical plane of the axis of oscillationofthe unit and adapted to yieldably oppose forward and J rearwardmovements of the unit without turning the, engine with respect to suchvertical plane or i otherwise displace said axis or causing the variousmounting members to be unnaturally stressed, 1 Further objects of theinvention 'areto provide anengine mounting member between a por tion ofan engineunit and its frame which includestwo or more seriesrelatedyieldable weight 0 i i T' supporting elements having sound insulatingpi'operties'and anintermediate rigid connecting means; to provideamounting of this'kind in f i which the transmission of sound vibrationsfrom the engine to its frame are intercepted at spaced locations atopposite extremities of the rigid con-.

necting means; to provide for the placementof part of the yieldablemateriahrequired to properly yieldably and oscillatively support anengine unit, at locations wher'e the space required for its 20accommodation is not highly congested by the structure of the unit andits associated apparatus; to provide series related ,yieldable weightsupporting elements in a mounting member of this kind, one of which isdisposed between the 25 engine and the rigid structure of the mountingand adapted to accommodate oscillatory movement of the engine about itsaxis; toprovide-laterally spaced yieldable elements between the rigidstructure of said mounting member and the 30 frame which are located ata substantial distance from and on opposite sides of the vertical planei of the axis of oscillation of the unit and particularly adapted to\yieldably oppose lateral movement of the engine unit and lateral aswell as 35 v oscillatory movements of the rigid structure of saidmounting member; and to provide at spaced locations in the supportingstructure between one portion of an engine andits frame, a greateraggregate thickness of yieldablematerial than the thickness thereof thatcan normally-be tolerated I at one location, so as to minimize thetransmission of sound vibrations from the engineunit, while maintainingthe freedom of movement of the unit relative to its frame within desiredlimits.

Additional objects of the invention are topro vide improvedfmeans foryieldablynopposing oscillatory movement ofHthe engine unit about itsaxis under the influence ofthe} torque reaction of the engine; toprovide means ofthischaractor which are free fromthe weight of theengine and adapted to limittransverse movement of the rear and frontends thereof; to provide combined torque reaction and transversemovement opposing means whichhave resilient, non-metalg lic materialinterposed between and attached to the engine unit and framerespectively atlongitudinally spaced locations on the unit; and to v insuch a manner as to permit the axis of oscilprovide means of thischaracter which are inde pendent of the fore and aft, engine movementcontrolling means and constructed and arranged lation of (theengine-unit to remain substantially in the position provided for it bythe weight supporting members and associated structure during operationof the engine. Still further objects of the invention are provide a pairof angularly disposed torque reaction opposing members, one located oneach side of an engine unit andhaving their resilient elements disposedin oppositely inclined converging planes so as to oppose transversemovement of vthe engine unit relative to its' frame mainly in"compression; to provide torque opposing members of this characterhavingresilient, non-metallic finaterial" interposed between and attached tothe engine unit and frame respectively and normally the torque opposingmembers to compensate for change in the weightsupporting devices occa-.sioned by usage, 'wear and fatigue.

acting in tension to urge the unit toward' the weightsup'porting'elements of the mounting so as to assure freedom of thetorque opposing means from the weight of the. engine unit as the unitsettles'due 'tovariations in the permanent set of theweight supportingelements; and to provide convenientlyaccessible adjusting means forvarying theftension of the resilient material of Illustrativeembodiments of the invention are fsh wn*m the accompanying drawing, inwhich:

Fig. l is a sideelevational view of an engine ,lunitino'unted accordingto'one form of the invention and showing parts of the mounting struc-,ture broken away and in section.

Fig.2 is a front elevational view of the engine iunit 'andits' mountingillustrated'in Fig. l and showing parts of 'themounting structure brokenaway and in section.

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on "lineIII-IIIbfFig.1. Fig.4 isla transverse sectional view, similar to Fig: 3 but showing amodified form of the invention. 7

Fig. 51s, a transverse sectional view of amounti'rig embo'dy'ing'afurther development of the ini I vention. f

f the formsho'wn, the improved internal comloustionxengine 'mounting isillustrated in conjunction withavehicle chassis frame which includeslongitudinally extending channel members it andrigid'transverselydisposed front and rear me'm bers"l l and l2,'respectively, which aresecured to the longitudinal channel members.

transverse frame member H is located at the frontend of the vehiclechassis frame, and 'the transverse member I2 is spaced rearwardlytherefrom and disposed substantially adjacent the junction of the bellhousing It and the transmis- .sion case-l4 of the engine unit. Thetransmission case and bell housing are rigidly fixed togetherffand thelatter is rigidly fixed to the crank "case .l5'ofthe' engine unit. Theseparts of the engine'unit are longitudinally aligned with each other andare received between the longitudinal channel members l0.

' 'The internal combustion engine is of the multi- Qple cylindertypefhaving for the purpose of illustration'six aligned cylinders I6,only one of which "is shown. Slidably mounted in each cylinder isareciprocatihgpiston ll towhich is pivotally to a metal support 22, r vshaped intermediate support 2t? is disposed ad- 7 support 22.,nectingmembers are'disposed vertically, one ad--. jacent each lateralextremity of the metal sup 3i. is preferably disposed at an elevationsubstan- The attached a connecting rod it, which is journaled on itslower end to a crank shaft IS in the usual manner. A clutch mechanism(not shown) within the bell housing 68 connects the crank shaft HQ witha transmission mechanism (not shown) within the housing I4 in aconventional manner.

The transmission mechanism in turn drives a propeller shaft 2f! througha universal or other flexible joint I4. '1

Mounted on the front transverse member II is ;a front mounting member 2|comprising an intermediate upstanding substantially A shaped The wideextremity of the A jacent the front transverse frame member I l andattached thereto by laterally spaced, yieldable,

angular connecting members 23. Each connecting member 23 comprises apair of spaced metal angle plates'2 l and 25 between which a yieldableelement 26, preferably comprising resilient materialsuch "as rubber, isdisposed. The rubber ele- "ment ttconfor ms in shape with the contour ofthe, angle plates, and each of its opposite sides is bonded, preferablyby vulcanization, to one of. the metal angle plates, respectively. The

angular connecting members 23 are so disposed as to position one leg ofeach thereof between thetransverse frame-member It and the rigid Theother legs of the angular conport 22, so as toyieldably oppose lateral-n1ovementf-of'the support. The plates 25 of the angular connectingmembers are rigidly fixed by bolts "21 to' 'a-horizontal web 28 providedon the lower extremity of the metal support 22, and the plates 2&- arerigidly fixed to a horizontal web of the transverse frame member! I bybolts 29.

Formed-on the upper extremity of the metal support 22 of the frontmounting member 2! is an arcuate flange 30 on which is mounted'an Iarcuate yieldable connecting member 3| comprising spaced metal plates 32and between which I le -resilient member 34, preferably comp-rising rubber, is disposed. Opposite sides of the rubber element 34 are bonded,preferably by vulcanization, to'the adjacent surfaces of the plates 32and 33', respectively. The lower plate 33 of the upper yieldableconnecting element BI is rigidly fixed to the flangeill of theintermediate metal support 22 by bolts 35, and theupper plate 32 of thisyieldable connecting element is rigidly fixed to a forwardly extendingbracket 36 mounted on the crank case I5 of the engine unit. The upperplate 32 is rigidly fixed to the bracket 36 by bolts The upper yieldableconnecting element 3! tially abovethe crank shaft 19 of the engine unit.

The front mounting member 2| supports theweight of the front end of theengine unit and,: preferably, the'entire remaining-weight of the engineis supported by arubber blockfii fixed to a metal plate 39, preferablyby vulcanization, which "is secured tothe transverse frame member l2 by*bolts 40. The rubber block 38 registers with and engages asubstantially fiat surface M of the lower side of the transmissioncasing 14. This rubber block may, if desired, be fixed to the flatacteristics-desired therein.-

The front mounting 'merhberilt and the rear support 38-are preferably'soconstructed and arranged as' to po'sition-theengine unit at'aninclination to a horizontal plane,- -therebybringface 41 or to theplate39, or it may be fixed to v both of these members dependingupon thechartively, are also constructed and arranged so ing the axis ofthecrank shaft Hi to an inclined relationship with respect to ahorizontal plane of the chassis. This is, accomplished by prede--ter1niningthe height of the intermediate rigid support 22 of the frontmounting memberso as to position the upper yieldable connecting element3| at the elevation with respect to the rear support 38 required tomaintain the engine unit in the. desired inclined relation. The angle ofinclination of the unit with respect to a horizontal plane may varywithin desiredlimits, a six degree angle. of inclination beingsufiicient to properly position a fan 42, mounted onthe front end of thecrank shaft, in registration with a radiator core 43 of the coolingsystem of the engine. The front and rear mounting members 2! andtt,respecto oscillatively support the engine unitaboutran axis 44,extending at an inclination of the crank shaft axis, and passingsubstantially through the center of mass, generally indicated at 45 inFig; 1.

All tendency of the engine unit to. shift rearwardly due to theinclination at which it is supported is opposed by a resilient abutment,preferably comprising arubber block 146 disposed between and having itsopposite sides rigidly bonded by vulcanization to opposite plates 41 andlt. This abutment is disposed between therear side face of the bellhousing l3 and; the side of the transverse frame member l2, the plate 48being rigidly securedto the transverse frame member l2 by bolts 50, andthe plate 4'1 being rigidly secured to the bell housing l3 by bolts 5!.r This.

abutment is preferably disposedin a plane substantially normal to theaxis of the crank shaft l8, and it acts in compression in opposingrearward movement of the engine unit and the tension in an opposingforward ,movement thereof. The rubber block of the resilient abutment isalso preferably disposed at the longitudinal vertical plane of theengine unit which passes through the center of mass thereof so as topreventtwisting of the unit relative to itssupporting frame, anddisplacement of the .center of mass of the unit as the latteris urgedrearwardlyagainst the abutment.

An engine mounted as above set forth is permitted to oscillate inresponse to the torque r action impulses thereof about an axis passingthrough its center of mass and this movement of the engine,,therefore,does not bring. aboutsubstantial movement of the center of mass of theunit, andas a result objectionable side sway of i the chassis framestructure, application of transversely directed shock thereon, andothercharacteristics' of roughness ofengine operation inuring from thetorque reaction impulses arematerially reduced, if not substantiallyeliminated The rubber blocks of the front andurear supports serve assound insulating members and prevent the direct transmission of.vibrations of sound frequency from' the engine unit to the chassis frameand the vehicle body conventionally mounted thereon. The series relationof the front of the rubber weightsupporting elements of thefrontmounting member ztsubstantially minimizes the transmission of soundvibrations through the front mounting member from the engine unit to theframe structure. The vibrations which are transmitted from the engine toi the intermediate rigid support 22 bythe rubber 34 do not correspond infrequency with the natural frequency of vibration of the rigidintermediate support, and the vibrations transmitted from the lattersupport to the chassis frame conventional motor vehicles.

1 the natural vibration ber l2.

tioned in lateral alignmentwiththe. axis5 l, as

an engine mounting member at both extremities of a rigid intermediatepart of the mounting member, respectively, it is possible to embody inthe latter agreater thickness of yieldable sound insulating materialbetween supporting and supportedstructures than could otherwise beaccommodated in the space, for example, at the upper end of the rigidintermediate part of the mounting which is usually highly congested inThe yieldable weight supporting element of mounting elements if '10 Byplacing some ofthe yieldable material of.

of this character must be sufficiently yieldable to accommodateoscillatory movement of the en gine unit in response to the torquereaction impulses, and they are also relied upon to hold the engine unitagainst excessive lateral movements in directions normal. to its length.In orderto properly accomplish these functions, it sometimesbecomcsimpossible to employ resilient elements of proper character forefficiently insulating the.

mounting against the transmission of sound vibrations from the engine'unit to the chassis frame structure. This difficulty is convenientlyovercome in a mounting member of the charactershown at the front of theabove assembly in which, the connecting elements 23 are constructed andarranged so as to efiiciently operate as sound insulating means'while atthe same timeopposing lateral movement of the mounting member withrespect to the chassis frame.

' The natural vibrationfrequency of the engine unit upon its mountingsis influenced by the characteristics of the rubber in the front andrearward mountings. As these elements are called upon to accomplishdefinite functions, such as supporting the weight of the engine andlimiting its. movement within a predetermined desired range, they cannotalso always be provided i with those properties which are required tobring the natural vibration frequency of the engine to a desired lowvalue. When this condition exists, frequency of the engine ispredetermined by allowing resilient means to coact between theengine andthe chassis frame. In the illustration shown Figs. 1, 2; and 3, a torqueopposing member 52 is mounted on the right side of the engine unit asviewed from the rear thereof. This torque opposing member includes arubber block 53 having a metal plate fi lgbonded, preferably byvulcanization, to one of its sides, and secured to the left side wall ofthe transmission casing I l. Rigidly bonded to the oppositeside of therubber block 53 is a metal plate 55 which is secured by bolts 56 to abracket fil, carried by the transverse frame mem- The rubberbloclc 53 ispreferably posiillustrated in Fig. 3, and 53 portions of the blockextend, above and below the elevation of the axis 54 at this section ofthe unit. This arrangement of the torque opposing member 52 causesportions of the rubber block 53 to act in tension, and portions thereofto act in compression in opposing oscillatory movement of the unit. Thetorque opposing member 52 also yieldably opposes lateral movement of therear end. of the engine unit in directions transverse of its length.

In somemotor mounting installations it is desirable to distribute theforces opposing oscillatory movement of the unit between locations atthe front and rear end portions thereof. In this instance, anoscillatory torque opposing member '58 is disposed between the fronttransverse frame member l I and the front end of the engine unit, asillustrated in Fig. l. The oscillatory torque opposing member 58includes a pair of spaced plates 59 and (ill, between which a rubberblock 6| is disposed; The opposite sides of the rubber block 6! areintegrally bonded to the adjacent surfaces of the plates 59 and Gilwhich are rigidly fixed to the front end of the engine unit and to thetransverse frame member M, respectively. The oscillatory torque opposingmember 58 assists in predetermining the natural frequency of oscillationof the unit about the axis M and also opposes movement "of the front endportion of the engine unit in diverse directions normal to its length.

In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 4, a torque opposing member52 including a rubber block 53 having plates M and 55 rigidly bonded toits opposite sides is located on the right side of the engine unit asviewed from the rear thereof. Portions of the rubber block 53' extendabove and below the elevation of the axis at the section of the unit inwhich the torque opposing member is located, and this member acts insubstantially the same manner described in connection with the structureshown in Fig. 3.

In the form. of the invention shown in Fig. 5,

the entire weight of the internal combustion engine is supported onlongitudinally spaced, yieldable mounting members in the manner shown inFig. 1, but oscillatory movement of the engine is opposed by a pair oftorque opposing members 62 and 6.3 located on opposite sides of thetransmission casingv M, respectively. The torque opposing member t2includes an angle bracket 64 fixed to the transmission casing M, and apair ofspaced plates and 58 fixed to the bracket 62 and transverse framemember l2, respectively, between which a rubber block 61 is disposed.The rubber block is rigidly bonded to the adjacent faces of the plates65 and. 655 and is disposed at an inclination to a horizontalplane. Thetorque opposing member 53 also includes a rubber block 88 which isinclined in an opposite direction with respect to a horizontal plane andbonded at its respectively opposite sides to metal plates 69 and Ill.The lower plate Hi is rigidly fixed to the transverse frame memberl2,and the upper plate 69 is provided with a threaded shank II which isreceived in an aperture formed in a bracket 12 mounted in the leftsidewall of the transmission casing Ht. Threaded on the stem 'II are nuts 13by which the upper plate 6!} may be adjustably positioned with respectto the bracket l2.

In torque opposing apparatus of this character, it is preferably torelieve the resilient elements thereof of substantially all of theweight of the engine. This may be conveniently accomplished byadjustment of the upper plate 69 of the left torque opposing member 63,so as to place the rubber blocks 69 and3l of-the members 63 and 62,respectively, under tension, thereby urging the engine unit downwardlyupon the rear support 48. In the event that the rear support 4|] takes apermanent set, or in any way varies after the mounting is assembled,such changes may be readily compensated for by adjusting the position ofthe threaded stem ll of the torque opposing member 63 with respect tothe bracket 12.

. When it is desired to rely upon the rubber blocks 61 and 68 to assistin yieldably opposing fore and aft movement of the engine unit, theupper plates 65 and 59 thereof may be brought to a channel shape andprovided with side flanges M and 15, respectively, as illustrated inFig. 5.

Although but several specific embodiments of the invention are hereinshown and described, it will be understood that various changes in thesize, shape,- and arrangementof parts maybe made without departing fromthe spirit of my invention, and it is not my intention to limit itsscope other than by the terms of the appended claims.

What I claim is: l

1. A mounting for an internal combustion engine including a. framestructure, means on said frame structure oscillatively supporting saidengine unit including spaced yieldable weight supporting elementsconstructed and arranged to sustain substantially the entire weight ofsaid engine unit, and oscillatory movement opposing members on oppositesides of said unit, each having a resilient element yieldably coactinghi3? tween said unit and said frame structure and so constructed andarranged as to accommodate oscillatory movement of said engine in shear,one of said members being adjustable in a direction transverse to thedirection of the shear stresses of its resilient element and havingmeans for normally holdingportions' thereof in selected positionsrelative to said frame structure and unit so as to relieve, saidresilient means of substantially all the weight of said engine unit andto predetermine the shear resisting properties thereof by variation inits tension.

2. A mounting for an internal combustion engine including a framestructure, means on said frame structure oscillatively supporting saidengine unit including spaced yieldable weight supporting elementsconstructed and arranged to sustain substantially the entire weight ofsaid engine unit, and oscillatory movement opposing means includingmembers on opposite sides of said unit, each having a rubber elementconnected with said frame structure and engine unit respectively andtensionally urging said unit toward its weight supporting elements, saidrubber elements being so constructed and arranged asto accommodateoscillatory movement of said engine in shear, at least one of saidmembers being provided with means for predetermining the shear resistingproperties thereof by varying the tension of said rubber elements,

ROGER K. LEE.

